1. People who are well are concerned with nutrition and exercise, and they make a point of monitoring their body's condition.
译文
身体好的人们会关注营养和锻炼,并且特别注意关注自己的身体状况。
点睛
本句由两个并列句组成:people are concerned with nutrition and exercise和they make a point of monitoring their body's condition。who引导定语从句,修饰people。
本句中的be concerned with意为“关心”。如:
I am concerned only with things that I feel are important to me. 我只关心我觉得对自己重要的事情。
短语make a point of意为“重视;特别注意做”。如:
She makes a point of sending a birthday present to her best friend. 她特意为她的朋友寄去了生日礼物。
考点归纳
concern一词含义丰富,包括:
concern可以作名词,也可以作动词。
1)作为不可数名词,表示“关心;关怀;焦急;忧虑”。如:
There is now considerable concern for their illness. 现在,他们的疾病让人十分忧虑。
2)作为可数名词,表示“有关……的事;对某人来说最重要或最感兴趣的事”。如:That's my concern, so I'll do as I like about it. 那是我的事,所以,我想怎么做就怎么做。
What are your main concerns as a golf player? 作为一名高尔夫球员,你最关心什么?
3)作为动词,表示“关系到;使担心”。如:
It is reported that the pop singer is concerned with selling drugs. 据报道,那个流行歌手涉嫌贩毒。
The boy's poor performance at school concerned his parents. 这个男孩在学校表现很差,对此他父母很担心。
除了本句中提到的be concerned with之外,与concern有关的短语还有:concern oneself with/in/about sth.“忙于某事;关心某事”。如:
There's no need to concern yourself with this matter; we're dealing with it. 你不用管这事,我们正在处理。
此外,还有so/as far as...be concerned“就……来说”。如:
1) So far as I am concerned, the second arrangement is more suitable. 对我来说,第二种安排更适合。
2) So far as I am concerned, whatever happened in the past is over. 对我来说,无论过去发生了什么事,都已经过去了。
2. The best advice is to find out what is appropriate regarding the corporate culture, the country culture, and the culture of the person making the hiring decision.
译文
的建议就是,找出什么东西符合该企业文化、该国文化以及有聘用决定权的人的文化。
点睛
本句的主干是the best advice is to find out what is appropriate。making the hiring decision修饰person,相当于定语从句who makes the hiring decision。
regarding意为“关于;至于”。如:
1) I know nothing regarding the future. 我对未来一无所知。
2) She said nothing regarding your request. 她对你的要求只字不提。
考点归纳
find out的含义十分丰富,包括:
“找出”。如:
He took a peep at the back of the book to find out the answers to the questions. 他偷偷看了一下书的后面,想找出那些问题的答案。
“查明”。如:
We shall find out the truth sooner or later. 我们迟早会查明事实真相的。
“发现”。如:
You'll be fired if they find out what you're doing. 要是他们发现了你正在做什么,你就要被解雇了。
“认识到”。如:
We must find out the customs of other countries, so that they will not think us ill mannered. 我们必须了解别国的习俗,免得他们认为我们没有礼貌。
3. A reader who is unfamiliar with these variations may assume that your resume contains errors.
译文
一个不熟悉这些差异(英美英语不同之处)的读者可能会认为你的简历有错误。
点睛
本句的主干是a reader may assume that…其中,who引导定语从句,修饰reader;that引导assume的宾语从句。
本句中的unfamiliar是familiar加上表示否定的前缀un-所变成的反义词。它常与with搭配组成短语be unfamiliar with sth.,意为“对……不熟悉”。如:
1) I am really unfamiliar with the local laws. 实际上,我对当地的法律很不熟悉。
2) She stumbled briefly over the unfamiliar word but then continued. 她碰到不认识的单词时愣了一下,但又接着往下念。
考点归纳
familiar一词也可以跟介词to搭配,其表达的含义与be familiar with完全相同,但用法却不一样:
be familiar with必须由“人”作主语,后面接sth.或者sb.,表示“某人熟悉某物或某人”。如:
Are you familiar with the laws relating to trespass? 你熟悉关于非法侵入私人领地的法律吗?
be familiar to必须由“物”作主语,后面接sb.,表示“某物对于某人来说很熟悉”。如:
This nursery rhyme is very familiar to me. 我对这首摇篮曲很熟悉。
4. Women's education may be unusual territory for economists, but enhancing women's contribution to development is actually as much an economic as a social issue.
译文
对于经济学家而言,妇女的教育问题可能并不是个熟悉的领域,但实际上,加强妇女对于社会发展的贡献既是经济学问题,也是社会问题。
点睛
本句为复合句,由but连接两个具有转折关系的简单句women's education may be unusual territory for economists和enhancing women's contribution to development is actually as much an economic as a social issue。
enhance意为“提高”。如:
He made many efforts to enhance his reputation. 他作了许多努力来提高自己的声誉。
contribution意为“贡献”。如:
He minimized the value of her contribution to his research so that he got all the praise. 他极力贬低她在他研究中作出的贡献,以独揽全部奖励。
考点归纳
unusual,uncommon,rare都可以译为“不平常的”,三者的区别在于:
unusual意为“不平常的;异常的”,强调与正常的状态不同。如:
Snow is an unusual sight in this warm place. 在这个暖和的地方下雪是一种罕见的景象。
uncommon意为“不凡的;罕有的”,强调事件发生的频率低。如:
It is not uncommon for parents to put a newborn in a separate room. 父母把新生儿放在单独的房间里的情况并不罕见。
rare意为“罕见的;珍贵的”,可以强调事件发生的频率低,也常与animal等连用,表示“珍稀的(动物)”。如:
A collector of rare insects will show us some of his latest discoveries. 一位稀有昆虫收藏家将给我们展示一些他的发现。
5. Few will dispute that educating women has great social benefits.
译文
很少有人质疑妇女接受教育具有重大的社会意义。
点睛
本句的主干是few will dispute that...其中,that引导dispute的宾语从句。
dispute意为“对……提出质疑;争论”。如:
They are disputing about the rights and wrongs of the case. 他们正在激烈争论这个事件的是非曲直。
benefit在此处作名词,意为“利益”;它还可以作动词,意为“有益于”。如:
I have benefited a lot from extensive reading. 广泛的阅读使我受益匪浅。
考点归纳
dispute,debate,argue都可以表示“争论”,三者的区别在于:
dispute着重于就分歧进行热烈的“争辩”,常含有“相持不下”或“未得解决”的意味。如:
Whether he will succeed with his new method is still disputed. 关于他采用新办法是否会成功这一点,仍然存在争论。
debate指“正式的辩论”,通常是在一位仲裁人的主持下,按照一套规则来进行,双方各自陈述理由。如:
We debated until it was time for supper. 我们一直辩论到晚饭时间。
argue可以指“说理,论证”,也可以指“激烈地交换意见以致争吵”。如:
1) He argued against the plan. 他举出种种理由反对这项计划。
2) He argued that she should not go. 他争辩说,她不应当去。
6. Modern cars are far tougher to steal, as their engine management computer won't allow them to start unless they receive a unique ID code beamed out by the ignition key.
译文
现代的汽车更不容易被窃了,因为控制发动机的电脑只有在收到点火钥匙发送的独特的身份密码后才会启动。
点睛
本句的主干是modern cars are far tougher to steal。as引导原因状语从句;unless引导原因状语从句中的条件状语从句;beamed out by the ignition key作后置定语,修饰ID code。
本句中的far作为副词,修饰tougher,表示程度。如:
They worked far into the night. 他们工作到深夜。
ID是identification的缩写,即“身份证明”。ignition key为汽车内装置,意为“点火开关;点火钥匙”。
同样,beam out也是与汽车相关的短语,意为“点火;启动”。
考点归纳
tough一词含义丰富,包括:
“坚强的,坚韧不拔的”。如:
She's not tough enough for a career in sales. 她干推销这一行缺少足够的韧劲。
“艰苦的”。如:
We won the contract but only through a lot of tough negotiations. 我们赢得了合同,但那是经过多次不屈不挠的谈判才达到的目标。
“棘手的”。如:
The company faces tough competition. 这家公司面临着残酷的竞争。
“严厉的”。如:
The law is tough on offenders. 该项法律对违法者的处罚很严厉。
“(肉等)老的,咬不动的”。如:
The steak was so tough that I couldn't eat it. 牛排太老了,我咬不动。
7. Staff at the centre will then contact the owner to confirm that the car really is missing, and keep police informed of the vehicle's movements via the car's GPS unit.
译文
中心的工作人员会联系车主,确认汽车确实丢失了,然后通过汽车上的全球定位系统使警察掌握汽车的行踪。
点睛
本句的主干是staff will contact the owner。that引导confirm的宾语从句。
staff意为“(全部)工作人员”。keep sb. informed of sth.与inform sb. of sth.的含义相同,意为“使某人知道某事”。如:
Please inform me by letter of your plans. 请来信把你的计划告诉我。
via表示“经由;通过,凭借”。如:
1) I can send him a note via the internal mail system. 我可以通过内部邮件系统给他发个通知。
2) He flew to New York via Hong Kong. 他经过香港飞往纽约。
考点归纳
与inform有关的表达还有:
be well-informed意为“消息灵通的;见闻广博的”。如:
He succeeded where other more well-informed experimenters failed. 在其他那些见闻更为广博的实验者失败的地方,他成功了。
be ill-informed意为“信息闭塞的;所知不多的”。如:
Most patients are ill-informed of the side effect of the medicine. 大多数病人对此药物的副作用了解甚少。
8. Dying and leaving young children is probably the older parents' biggest, and often unspoken, fear.
译文
年长的父母心中且最不愿提及的恐惧,就是他们过世,把年幼的孩子留在世上。
点睛
本句是一个简单句,主语是一个由and连接的并列结构。and often unspoken为插入语,意在调整biggest所表达的含义,以使其更加准确。
考点归纳
英语中的插入语(Parenthesis)是插在句子中的一个词、短语或从句,通常被逗号、破折号或句子的其他部分隔开,它与句子的其他部分之间没有语法上的关系。插入语的作用包括:
对一句话的附加解释、说明或者总结。如:
You should go to see her, because she misses you, and what's more, she needs your help. 你应该去看看她,因为她很想念你,更重要的是,她需要你的帮助。
表示说话者的态度和看法。如:
Strangely, he has not been to China Unicom before. Still more strangely, he has not called me. 奇怪的是,他没去过中国联通。更奇怪的是,他没给我打过电话。
起强调作用。如:
Most important of all, you each overfulfilled your own task. 更为重要的是,你们都各自超额完成了自己的任务。
为了引起对方的注意。如:
On the contrary, we should strengthen our ties with them. 相反,我们还应加强和他们的联系。
起转移话题或说明事由的作用。如:
One day, it is said, Newton saw an apple fall from a tree. 据说,有一天牛顿看到一个苹果从树上掉下来。
9. "My body is aging," says Metcalf. "You can't get away from that."
译文
梅特卡夫说:“我的身体正在老化。你无法摆脱这个事实。”
点睛
本句是一个直接引用对话的简单句。
age一词通常作名词,表示“年龄”,但在本句中age作动词,表示“变老”。如:
Anxiety ages us. 忧虑催人老。
get away from意为“离开;逃脱”。如:
She struggled to get away from the attacker. 她挣扎着想摆脱那个袭击她的人。
考点归纳
像age这样名词变为动词、而词形不变的词还有:
10. Often, older parents hear the ticking of another kind of biological clock.
译文
年迈的父母经常能够听见另一种生物钟的嘀嗒声。
点睛
本句是一个简单句。副词often置于句首的作用是强调。
原句中的ticking为名词,指“(钟表等)发出的嘀嗒声”;tick为其动词形式,指“(钟表等)发出嘀嗒声”。如:
Meanwhile the minutes kept ticking away. 同时,时间一分一分地过去。
biological clock意为“生物钟”。
考点归纳
与often一样表示事情发生频率的副词还有always和usually,三者含义相近却不完全相同:
often强调经常性,除了可以译为“经常”外,还可以译为“往往”。如:
In the past some people often thought Chinese medicine unscientific. 过去,有些人常认为中药不科学。
always强调语气,偏重于表示“永远;在任何时候;没有例外”。如:
You can always rely on him to think of a way out. 你可以依靠他,他永远有办法。
usually意为“通常”,指“按照惯例”。如:
I'm not usually so late. 我平常并不会这么晚来。
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